{"id":9311,"date":"2010-07-28T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2010-07-28T04:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/irpp.org\/research-studies\/en-fr\/"},"modified":"2018-06-06T10:30:55","modified_gmt":"2018-06-06T14:30:55","slug":"catch-and-release","status":"publish","type":"research-studies","link":"https:\/\/irpp.org\/fr\/research-studies\/catch-and-release\/","title":{"rendered":"Catch and Release"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"column\">\n<div class=\"column\">\n<p>D<span data-mce-mark=\"1\">epuis\u00a0<\/span>2001, les \u00c9tats ont couramment recours \u00e0 la d\u00e9tention pr\u00e9ventive pour \u00ab neutraliser \u00bb les r\u00e9seaux\u00a0 terroristes.\u00a0 Toutefois,\u00a0 \u00e0 l\u2019exception\u00a0 des techniques\u00a0 d\u2019interrogatoire\u00a0 extr\u00eames, aucune autre mesure n\u2019a suscit\u00e9 plus de controverse ou de mises en cause de la pratique tradition- nelle du droit. Mais il existe des usages l\u00e9gitimes de la d\u00e9tention pr\u00e9ventive qui respectent les\u00a0 principes juridiques de protection des libert\u00e9s civiles.<\/p>\n<p>Dans cette \u00e9tude, Craig Forcese tire pour le Canada des le\u00e7ons des pratiques aux \u00c9tats-Unis, au Royaume-Uni et en Australie depuis le 11 septembre qui pourraient guider l\u2019\u00e9laboration d\u2019un syst\u00e8me appropri\u00e9 de d\u00e9tention pr\u00e9ventive, soit un syst\u00e8me \u00e0 efficacit\u00e9 optimale dans le cadre de restrictions acceptables des libert\u00e9s civiles. Dans la premi\u00e8re des quatre sections de l\u2019\u00e9tude, l\u2019auteur compare diff\u00e9rents mod\u00e8les de syst\u00e8mes essentiellement ax\u00e9s sur la d\u00e9tention pr\u00e9ven- tive. Dans la deuxi\u00e8me, il examine l\u2019environnement juridique canadien dans lequel doit se situer tout d\u00e9bat sur la d\u00e9tention pr\u00e9ventive. Il \u00e9value ainsi dans quelle mesure le droit cana- dien actuel habilite l\u2019\u00c9tat \u00e0 pr\u00e9venir les activit\u00e9s terroristes et conclut \u00e0 l\u2019existence d\u2019un espace de droit r\u00e9el mais tr\u00e8s \u00e9troit dans lequel pourrait raisonnablement s\u2019inscrire un syst\u00e8me distinct de d\u00e9tention pr\u00e9ventive. Dans la troisi\u00e8me section, il pr\u00e9sente des crit\u00e8res visant \u00e0 mesurer l\u2019ef- ficacit\u00e9 d\u2019un tel syst\u00e8me en mati\u00e8re de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 publique, puis d\u00e9finit une zone acceptable de restrictions des libert\u00e9s civiles. Enfin, il propose pour le Canada un mod\u00e8le de d\u00e9tention pr\u00e9ventive inspir\u00e9 de ces crit\u00e8res et des pratiques ant\u00e9rieures.<\/p>\n<p>Le mod\u00e8le pr\u00e9conis\u00e9 repose sur le juste \u00e9quilibre entre efficacit\u00e9 et protection des libert\u00e9s civiles. L\u2019auteur expose les circonstances restreintes pouvant constituer une source de pr\u00e9occupation l\u00e9gitime : 1) l\u2019\u00c9tat a des raisons de croire qu\u2019un attentat terroriste se pr\u00e9pare ; 2) il a des raisons de croire qu\u2019un groupe pr\u00e9cis pr\u00e9pare cet attentat et que les suspects vis\u00e9s sont membres de ce groupe ; 3) il ne dispose d\u2019aucune autre information que cette conviction pour relier ces suspects \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9ventuel attentat. Dans un tel contexte, les instruments juridiques traditionnels qui permet- tent \u00e0 l\u2019\u00c9tat de conjurer cette menace en arr\u00eatant des suspects pourraient ne pas s\u2019appliquer. Et c\u2019est dans ce mince espace qu\u2019on peut plaider en faveur de la d\u00e9tention pr\u00e9ventive.<\/p>\n<p>L\u2019auteur estime que les dispositions de l\u2019article 83.3 de la <em>Loi antiterroriste <\/em>de 2001 constituaient une approche raisonnable en autorisant la d\u00e9tention de courte dur\u00e9e dans des circonstances dans lesquelles le pouvoir d\u2019arrestation conventionnel ne pouvait s\u2019exercer. Et il propose d\u2019engager un processus de remaniement de cet article 83.3 en \u00e9tendant quelque peu la protection des libert\u00e9s civiles et en permettant l\u2019usage restreint de preuves secr\u00e8tes et de repr\u00e9sentants sp\u00e9ciaux.<\/p>\n<p>Il en r\u00e9sulte un syst\u00e8me d\u2019\u00ab arrestation et mise en libert\u00e9 \u00bb (ou d\u2019arrestation et mise en libert\u00e9 sous r\u00e9serve d\u2019engagement \u00e0 ne pas troubler l\u2019ordre public) ax\u00e9 sur la pr\u00e9vention d\u2019attentats par la d\u00e9tention de courte dur\u00e9e de suspects li\u00e9s \u00e0 des menaces pr\u00e9cises, mais dans lequel la d\u00e9ten- tion de personnes sur la seule base d\u2019une perception de leur dangerosit\u00e9 intrins\u00e8que est rejet\u00e9e.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Depuis\u00a02001, les \u00c9tats ont couramment recours \u00e0 la d\u00e9tention pr\u00e9ventive pour \u00ab neutraliser \u00bb les r\u00e9seaux\u00a0 terroristes.\u00a0 Toutefois,\u00a0 \u00e0 l\u2019exception\u00a0 des techniques\u00a0 d\u2019interrogatoire\u00a0 extr\u00eames, aucune autre mesure n\u2019a suscit\u00e9 plus de controverse ou de mises en cause de la pratique tradition- nelle du droit. Mais il existe des usages l\u00e9gitimes de la d\u00e9tention pr\u00e9ventive qui [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":11250,"template":"","meta":{"content-type":""},"categories":[],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9311","research-studies","type-research-studies","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Preventive detention necessary to address gap in anti-terrorism law: Challenge is to minimize risk of terrorist attack while respecting human rights.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/irpp.org\/fr\/research-studies\/catch-and-release\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Catch and Release: A Role for Preventive Detention in Anti-terrorism Law\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Preventive detention necessary to address gap in anti-terrorism law: Challenge is to minimize risk of terrorist attack while respecting human rights.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/irpp.org\/fr\/research-studies\/catch-and-release\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"IRPP\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/IRPP.org\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2018-06-06T14:30:55+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/irpp.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/07\/jail.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"2000\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"700\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@irpp\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Dur\u00e9e de lecture est.\">\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"3 minutes\">\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/irpp.org\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/irpp.org\/\",\"name\":\"IRPP\",\"description\":\"Institute for Research on Public Policy\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":\"https:\/\/irpp.org\/?s={search_term_string}\",\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\"},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/irpp.org\/fr\/research-studies\/catch-and-release\/#primaryimage\",\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/irpp.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/07\/jail.jpg\",\"width\":2000,\"height\":700},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/irpp.org\/fr\/research-studies\/catch-and-release\/#webpage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/irpp.org\/fr\/research-studies\/catch-and-release\/\",\"name\":\"Catch and Release: A Role for Preventive Detention in Anti-terrorism Law\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/irpp.org\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/irpp.org\/fr\/research-studies\/catch-and-release\/#primaryimage\"},\"datePublished\":\"2010-07-28T04:00:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2018-06-06T14:30:55+00:00\",\"description\":\"Preventive detention necessary to address gap in anti-terrorism law: Challenge is to minimize risk of terrorist attack while respecting human rights.\",\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/irpp.org\/fr\/research-studies\/catch-and-release\/\"]}]}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","distributor_meta":false,"distributor_terms":false,"distributor_media":false,"distributor_original_site_name":"IRPP","distributor_original_site_url":"https:\/\/irpp.org\/fr\/","push-errors":false,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/irpp.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/research-studies\/9311","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/irpp.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/research-studies"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/irpp.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/research-studies"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/irpp.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/research-studies\/9311\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/irpp.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/11250"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/irpp.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9311"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/irpp.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9311"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/irpp.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9311"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}